Enolate formation

Enolate formation Enolate formation Definition: When treated with a strong base, the α position of a ketone or aldehyde is deprotonated to give a resonance-stabilized intermediate called an enolate ion…

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Enamine Hydrolysis

Enamine Hydrolysis Enamine Hydrolysis Definition: Treatment of enamines with water and aqueous acid leads to the formation of aldehydes or ketones and secondary amines. Enamine Hydrolysis Explained: Enamines undergo hydrolysis when treated with…

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Enamine formation [R2NH]

Enamine formation [R2NH] Enamine formation [R2NH] Definition: When ketones are treated with secondary amines and heated with an acid catalyst, a condensation reaction occurs, resulting in the loss of water and formation an enamine. Enamine formation…

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Dihydroxylation [OsO4]

Dihydroxylation [OsO4] Dihydroxylation Definition: When an alkene is treated with osmium tetroxide (OsO4), two hydroxyl groups are added to the alkene by cleaving the double bond. This process is called syn dihydroxylation. Dihydroxylation Explained: In this process,…

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Dihydroxylation [KMnO4]

Dihydroxylation [KMnO4] Dihydroxylation Definition: When treated alkene with potassium permanganate, two hydroxyl groups are added, so the resulting compounds are called dihydroxylates of the reaction of syn-dihydroxylation. Dihydroxylation Explained: In basic conditions, the diol is formed by treating alkene…

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