Ozonolysis (Oxidative workup) Ozonolysis (Oxidative workup) Definition: Ozonolysis is reaction where the double bonds of alkenes are cleaved with ozone (O3). Alkanes form compounds in which the multiple carbon-carbon bonds have been replaced by a carbonyl…
Oxymercuration Oxymercuration Definition: Alkynes treated with mercury (usually HgSO4) and water will be hydrated to give ketones, via an enol intermediate. Oxymercuration Explained: Hydration of alkynes is similar to the acid-catalyst addition of the water to alkenes, but the…
Oxymercuration [Hg(OAc)2/H2O] Oxymercuration (H2O) Definition: Oxymercuration-demercuration is the reaction sequence in which mercuric acetate acts as the reagent. In the first step (oxymercuration), treatment of an alkene with this species in the presence of water…
Oxymercuration [Hg(OAc)2/ROH] Oxymercuration (ROH) Definition: Oxymercuration-demercuration is the reaction when alkene treated with mercuric salt [Hg(OAc)2] and alcohol [ROH], and ether is formed. Oxymercuration (ROH) Explained: Mercuration is an electrophilic addition of a…
Oxidative cleavage of vicinal diols Oxidative cleavage of vicinal diols Definition: Treatment of vicinal (or 1,2-) diols with an oxidant such as NaIO4, HIO4, or Pb(OAc)4 cleaves carbon-carbon bonds and forms carbonyl compounds. Oxidative cleavage of…
Oxidative Cleavage [KMnO4] Oxidative Cleavage Definition: The oxidative cleavage is the cleavage of the double bond in the alkene by oxidizing agents (such as KMnO4). Here comes to the complete cleavage of the double bond and the chain…
Oxidative cleavage [KMnO4] Oxidative cleavage Definition: The oxidative cleavage is the cleavage of the triple bond in the alkyne by an oxidizing agent such as potassium permanganate (KMnO4) which cleave…
Oxidation to ketones [PCC + others] Oxidation to ketones [PCC + others] Definition: Treatment of the secondary alcohols with pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC) leads to ketones. Oxidation to ketones [PCC + others] Explained: Because secondary alcohols…
Oxidation to carboxylic acids [Tollens] Oxidation to carboxylic acids [Tollens] Definition: When Ag2O is added to aldehydes, carboxylic acids are formed. The results in the formation of silver metal (“silver mirror”) a reaction known as the Tollens test.…
Oxidation to carboxylic acids [H2CrO4 + others] Oxidation to carboxylic acids [H2CrO4 + others] Definition: Primary alcohols treated with chromic acid will be converted to carboxylic acid. Oxidation to carboxylic acids [H2CrO4 + others] Explained: Oxidation is a…